{"product_id":"epithalon-epitalon","title":"Epithalon (Epitalon)","description":"\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eEpithalon (Epitalon)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e is a synthetic derivative of Epithalamin and a potential modulator of telomerase, the enzyme that maintains and protects the telomere caps at the ends of chromosomes (strands of DNA). Research suggests that Epithalon induces telomere elongation and may fight off the effects of aging as a result.\u003c\/span\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"what-is-epithalon\"\u003eWhat Is Epithalon?\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEpithalon (also known as Epitalon, Epithalone or Epithalamin) is a short synthetic peptide known to activate the telomerase enzyme and stimulate melatonin release. First developed in Russia in the 1980s, epithalon has been shown to delay age-related changes in reproductive and immune systems and increase the life span of mice and rats. Though it is primarily of interest in anti-aging research, epithalon has shown significant effects in certain types of cancer, infectious disease, and in DNA regulation.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"structure\"\u003eEpithalon Structure\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"\u003e\n\u003ca title=\"Epithalon\"\u003e\u003cimg alt=\"Slowed tumor growth in mice exposed to epithalon compared to controls\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/media\/wysiwyg\/epithalon-structure.png\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\u003c\/a\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSource:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/compound\/219042\" target=\"_blank\"\u003ePubChem\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eSequence:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eAla-Glu-Asp-Gly\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Formula:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003eC\u003csub\u003e14\u003c\/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e22\u003c\/sub\u003eN\u003csub\u003e4\u003c\/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e9\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eMolecular Weight:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e390.349 g\/mol\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePubChem CID:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e219042\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eCAS Number:\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e307297-39-8\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-pdp-contents__item\"\u003e\n\u003ch2 id=\"research\"\u003eEpithalon Research\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"c-pdp-contents__text\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e1. The Role of Telomerase in the Anti-Aging Effects of Epithalon\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEarly research using insects and rodents revealed that epithalon can prolong life substantially. In normal, healthy fruit flies and rats, epithalon decreases mortality by 52%. In mice prone to both heart disease and cancer, epithalon prolongs life by as much as 27% compared to controls\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. N. Anisimov, S. V. Mylnikov, and V. K. Khavinson, “Pineal peptide preparation epithalamin increases the lifespan of fruit flies, mice and rats,” Mech. Ageing Dev., vol. 103, no. 2, pp. 123–132, Jun. 1998.\"\u003e1\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. At least part of the answer to how epithalon achieves these profound effects is via its elimination of free radicals (charged molecules that do damage to healthy tissue).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAnti-oxidant activity is not the only reason that epithalon extends life, however. There is good evidence from in vitro experiments on human somatic cells to show that epithalon activates an enzyme called telomerase\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. K. Khavinson, I. E. Bondarev, and A. A. Butyugov, “Epithalon peptide induces telomerase activity and telomere elongation in human somatic cells,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 135, no. 6, pp. 590–592, Jun. 2003.\"\u003e2\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. Telomerase protects telomeres, the ends of chromosomes that are critical to ensuring the health of DNA. Epithalon’s activation of telomerase leads directly to a decrease in how many errors a strand of DNA contains, supporting the notion that epithalon protects DNA from damage\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"VT. A. Dzhokhadze, T. Z. Buadze, M. N. Gaiozishvili, M. A. Rogava, and T. A. Lazhava, “[Functional regulation of genome with peptide bioregulators by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (by patients and relatives)],” Georgian Med. News, no. 225, pp. 94–97, Dec. 2013.\"\u003e3\u003c\/a\u003e], [\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. N. Anisimov et al., “Effect of Epitalon on biomarkers of aging, life span and spontaneous tumor incidence in female Swiss-derived SHR mice,” Biogerontology, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 193–202, 2003.\"\u003e4\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. In short, epithalon protects DNA from accumulating errors over time, a process that eventually leads to cell dysfunction, aging, and even cancer in some cases.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e2. Epithalon and DNA Activation\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNeither its impact on free radicals nor its effects on telomeres seem sufficient to explain the profound effects that epithalon has on longevity. Indeed, scientists are working hard to understand how this short peptide achieves the effects that it does so that the mechanisms can be explored in depth. As it turns out, at least part of the answer may come from the fact that epithalon changes the expression of certain genes.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eResearch in cell cultures shows that epithalon interacts directly with DNA to turn on and enhance the expression of certain genes. Epithalon interacts with the promoter regions of genes for CD5, IL-2, MMP2, and Tram1\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. K. Khavinson, S. I. Tarnovskaya, N. S. Linkova, V. E. Pronyaeva, L. K. Shataeva, and P. P. Yakutseni, “Short cell-penetrating peptides: a model of interactions with gene promoter sites,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 154, no. 3, pp. 403–410, Jan. 2013.\"\u003e5\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. CD5 and IL-2 both affect the function of the immune system while MMP2 plays a critical role in the maintenance of extracellular matrix in skin, tendons, and other connective tissue. These findings suggest that epithalon may impact the function of the immune system and the ability of the body to heal itself following not only injury, but following typical day-to-day stress as well.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIt is not surprising that epithalon impacts the immune system. Research in rats indicates that epithalon boost the expression of interferon gamma in aging lymphocytes\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"N. S. Lin’kova, B. I. Kuznik, and V. K. Khavinson, “[Peptide Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly and interferon gamma: their role in immune response during aging],” Adv. Gerontol. Uspekhi Gerontol., vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 478–482, 2012.\"\u003e6\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. Interferon gamma is a critical signaling molecule in the immune system. It is important for fighting off viral infections through the activation of macrophages, natural killer cells, and T cells.\u003c\/p\u003e\nThe following are known DNA interactions of epithalon:\n\u003col\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCD5 – Leads to immune cell differentiation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIL-2 – Increases IL-2 production, which regulates white blood cells\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMMP2 – Enhances MMP activation and decreases inflammation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTram1 – Enhances protein production\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eArylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase – Enhances melatonin production\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003epCREB t – Circadian rhythm regulation and anti-neoplastic effects\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTelomerase – Telomerase activity increases cell longevity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ol\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e3. Epithalon and Skin Health\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs stated above, epithalon has a positive effect on the gene that regulates MMP2. MMP2 is a protein found in connective tissue like skin. Research in rodents indicates that not only does epithalon activate this gene, it activates fibroblasts, the cells that produce and maintain MMP2 as well as other components of the extracellular matrix like collagen and elastin. Mice exposed to epithalon show an increase in fibroblast activation of 30-45%\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"N. I. Chalisova, N. S. Lin’kova, A. N. Zhekalov, A. O. Orlova, G. A. Ryzhak, and V. K. Khavinson, “[Short peptides stimulate skin cell regeneration during ageing],” Adv. Gerontol. Uspekhi Gerontol., vol. 27, no. 4, pp. 699–703, 2014.\"\u003e7\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. By activating fibroblasts, epithalon can help to boost rates of healing and offset the natural decline in skin structure and integrity that occurs with aging.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFurther evidence for epithalon’s benefit in skin comes from the fact that it decreases caspase-3 activity. Caspase-3 is an enzyme in the apoptosis or programmed cell death pathway. By decreasing caspase-3 activity, epithalon helps to protect fibroblasts and other skin cells, keeping them alive and healthy for longer periods of time\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"N. S. Lin’kova et al., “Peptide Regulation of Skin Fibroblast Functions during Their Aging In Vitro,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 161, no. 1, pp. 175–178, May 2016.\"\u003e8\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e4. Epithalon and Tumor Growth\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDaily administration of epithalon to rats with cancer has been found to decrease tumor growth\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"I. A. Vinogradova, A. V. Bukalev, M. A. Zabezhinski, A. V. Semenchenko, V. K. Khavinson, and V. N. Anisimov, “Effect of Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly peptide on life span and development of spontaneous tumors in female rats exposed to different illumination regimes,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 144, no. 6, pp. 825–830, Dec. 2007.\"\u003e9\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. Not only does the peptide reduce tumor growth, it prevents the metastasis or spread of these tumors to distant tissues as well\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"G. Kossoy, V. N. Anisimov, H. Ben-Hur, N. Kossoy, and I. Zusman, “Effect of the synthetic pineal peptide epitalon on spontaneous carcinogenesis in female C3H\/He mice,” Vivo Athens Greece, vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 253–257, Apr. 2006.\"\u003e10\u003c\/a\u003e], [\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. N. Anisimov et al., “Inhibitory effect of the peptide epitalon on the development of spontaneous mammary tumors in HER-2\/neu transgenic mice,” Int. J. Cancer, vol. 101, no. 1, pp. 7–10, 2002.\"\u003e11\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. Epithalon is currently being investigated as a potential treatment for Her-2\/neu positive breast cancers and is of interest in preventing the development of certain types of leukemia as well as testicular cancer\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. N. Anisimov, V. K. Khavinson, I. N. Alimova, A. V. Semchenko, and A. I. Yashin, “Epithalon decelerates aging and suppresses development of breast adenocarcinomas in transgenic her-2\/neu mice,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 134, no. 2, pp. 187–190, Aug. 2002.\"\u003e12\u003c\/a\u003e], [\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"I. A. Vinogradova, A. V. Bukalev, M. A. Zabezhinski, A. V. Semenchenko, V. K. Khavinson, and V. N. Anisimov, “Geroprotective effect of ala-glu-asp-gly peptide in male rats exposed to different illumination regimens,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 145, no. 4, pp. 472–477, Apr. 2008.\"\u003e13\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cimg alt=\"Slowed tumor growth in mice exposed to epithalon compared to controls\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/media\/wysiwyg\/epithalon-chart1.gif\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSlowed tumor growth in mice exposed to epithalon compared to controls\u003cbr\u003eSource:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full\/10.1002\/ijc.10570?sid=nlm%3Apubmed\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eWiley Online Library\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThere is some evidence that epithalon activates the gene for PER1 protein, which is found in the hypothalamus. PER1, which helps to regulate circadian rhythm, is under-expressed in cancer patients. It is unclear if this under-expression precedes cancer development and therefore contributes to cancer growth or is a consequence of cancer development. It is clear that the protein affects cancer growth once the cancer is established. Control of PER1 expression may be one means of naturally slowing tumor growth. Research shows that PER1 expression sensitizes cells to the effects of radiation and may therefore help to decrease the doses of radiation needed to treat certain cancers, a fact that would not only offset immediate side effects, but reduce the occurrence of secondary tumors following high doses of radiation\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"S. Gery, N. Komatsu, L. Baldjyan, A. Yu, D. Koo, and H. P. Koeffler, “The circadian gene per1 plays an important role in cell growth and DNA damage control in human cancer cells,” Mol. Cell, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 375–382, May 2006.\"\u003e14\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cimg alt=\"PER1 Causes Increased Rates of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Cell Death\" src=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/media\/wysiwyg\/epithalon-chart2.png\" loading=\"lazy\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003ePER1 Causes Increased Rates of Ionizing Radiation-Induced Cell Death\u003cbr\u003eSource:\u003cspan\u003e \u003c\/span\u003e\u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.molcel.2006.03.038\" target=\"_blank\"\u003eMolecular Cell\u003c\/a\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e5. Epithalon and Melatonin Secretion\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMelatonin, which is linked to sleep and aging, is produced by the pineal gland. Research in rats shows that epithalon and similar peptides affect both the synthesis and release of melatonin by affecting the expression of two proteins (arylalkylamine-N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) and pCREB transcription protein)\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"SV. K. Khavinson, L. K. Shataeva, and A. A. Chernova, “Effect of regulatory peptides on gene transcription,” Bull. Exp. Biol. Med., vol. 136, no. 3, pp. 288–290, Sep. 2003.\"\u003e15\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e.Both of these genes play an important role in melatonin production and in the circadian (day\/night) control of melatonin release. Research in monkeys indicates that epithalon restores melatonin secretion to normal\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"O. V. Korkushko et al., “[Normalizing effect of the pineal gland peptides on the daily melatonin rhythm in old monkeys and elderly people],” Adv. Gerontol. Uspekhi Gerontol., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 74–85, 2007.\"\u003e16\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003e6. Epithalon and Eyesight\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA trial in rats suffering from retinitis pigmentosa found that epithalon improves outcomes in 90% of patients\u003csup\u003e[\u003ca href=\"https:\/\/www.peptidesciences.com\/epithalon-epitalon?size=20mg#resources\" title=\"V. Khavinson, M. Razumovsky, S. Trofimova, R. Grigorian, and A. Razumovskaya, “Pineal-regulating tetrapeptide epitalon improves eye retina condition in retinitis pigmentosa,” Neuro Endocrinol. Lett., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 365–368, Aug. 2002.\"\u003e17\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/sup\u003e. It appears that the peptide helps to preserver normal structure of the eye while boosting the bioelectric function of the retina necessary for vision.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eEpithalon exhibits minimal side effects, low oral and excellent subcutaneous bioavailability in mice. Per kg dosage in mice does not scale to humans. Epithalon for sale at Peptide Sciences is limited to educational and scientific research only, not for human consumption. Only buy Epithalon if you are a licensed researcher.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"3525\" data-end=\"3552\"\u003eResearch Use Only (RUO)\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"3552\" data-end=\"3555\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"3557\" data-end=\"3597\"\u003eNot for human or animal consumption.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003cbr data-start=\"3597\" data-end=\"3600\"\u003e\u003cstrong data-start=\"3602\" data-end=\"3648\"\u003eNo medical or therapeutic claims are made.\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"BetterGen","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":50723875979549,"sku":null,"price":95.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0965\/4589\/8781\/files\/EPITHALON.jpg?v=1765602026","url":"https:\/\/ah0ixx-2c.myshopify.com\/products\/epithalon-epitalon","provider":"BetterGen","version":"1.0","type":"link"}